In radiation therapy, what does the term "external" refer to?

In radiation therapy, the term "external" refers to radiation that is applied from outside the body. This modality means that a machine, typically a linear accelerator, generates high-energy rays, which are then directed towards the patient's tumor. This method allows for precise targeting of cancerous cells while minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissue.

External beam radiation therapy is one of the most common forms of radiation treatment used in oncology. It is advantageous for treating tumors located in various areas of the body, and it can be delivered in a series of sessions or fractions to maximize the therapeutic effect and reduce side effects. Understanding this concept is crucial for nursing care as it informs how to prepare, educate, and support patients undergoing this type of treatment.