What is a potential complication of chemotherapy related to cell damage?

Neutropenia is a significant potential complication of chemotherapy, primarily due to the way chemotherapy works. Chemotherapy agents are designed to target rapidly dividing cells, which include not only cancerous cells but also normal cells, especially those in the bone marrow that produce blood cells.

When bone marrow cells are affected, it can lead to a decrease in the production of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell critical for fighting off infections. This condition is known as neutropenia. Consequently, patients undergoing chemotherapy may have a heightened risk for infections, making it essential to monitor their blood counts periodically.

Other options like cardiovascular disease, asthma, and diabetes are not direct consequences of chemotherapy. While patients with a history of these conditions may experience complications or exacerbations, they are not typically classified as direct complications arising from the chemotherapy treatment itself. Neutropenia stands as a clear, recognized complication directly linked to the effects of chemotherapy on the body's normal cell functions.