What is the role of targeted therapy in oncology?

Targeted therapy plays a critical role in oncology by focusing on specific molecular and cellular targets that are associated with cancer. This approach aims to identify and attack certain mutations or proteins that drive tumor growth, thereby offering a more personalized treatment option compared to traditional chemotherapy.

Targeted therapies are designed to interrupt the cancer cells' growth and spread by interfering with specific components of the cancer biology, such as signaling pathways or gene mutations that are present in the tumor. By customizing treatment based on the genetic profile of the cancer, targeted therapy can improve efficacy while reducing damage to normal, healthy cells.

In contrast to enhancing the immune response to tumors or providing pain relief, targeted therapies do not primarily function as immunotherapies or analgesics. Similarly, while managing side effects like bone marrow suppression is an essential aspect of oncology nursing care, it is not the primary role of targeted therapies. The main focus is on directly addressing cancer cell characteristics to impede their proliferation effectively.