Which protein is measured to detect conditions like multiple myeloma?

The Bence Jones protein is specifically linked to multiple myeloma and is a key diagnostic marker for this condition. In multiple myeloma, abnormal plasma cells produce these proteins, which are light chains of immunoglobulins that are released into the urine. Detecting Bence Jones proteins is crucial because their presence can indicate the overproduction of immunoglobulin light chains, which characterizes multiple myeloma.

Other proteins like phenylalanine and insulin are not associated with this type of cancer. Similarly, while creatinine is a marker used to assess kidney function and can be elevated in various conditions, it does not specifically indicate multiple myeloma. Thus, Bence Jones protein is the most relevant and specific measure when evaluating for multiple myeloma.